Coronary Artery Disease
Also known as: Blocked arteries, CAD, Coronary heart disease, Atherosclerosis, Hardening of the arteries
Expert diagnosis and management at Complete Heart Centre. All consultations and diagnostic tests are 100% bulk billed through Medicare. All cardiology referrals accepted.
About Coronary Artery Disease
Coronary artery disease (CAD) is the most common type of heart disease in Australia and the leading cause of heart attacks. It occurs when the coronary arteries that supply blood to the heart muscle become narrowed or blocked by a build-up of plaque (atherosclerosis). Plaque is made up of cholesterol, fat, calcium, and other substances that accumulate in the artery walls over time. This reduces blood flow to the heart and can cause chest pain (angina), shortness of breath, or in severe cases, a heart attack. Risk factors include high cholesterol, high blood pressure, diabetes, smoking, obesity, and a family history of heart disease. CAD can be detected with modern imaging before it causes symptoms.
Common Symptoms
- Chest pain or tightness, particularly during exertion (angina)
- Shortness of breath with physical activity
- Pain in the neck, jaw, or arms
- Fatigue and reduced exercise capacity
- May have no symptoms until a heart attack occurs (silent CAD)
When to See a Cardiologist
If you have risk factors for heart disease such as high cholesterol, diabetes, high blood pressure, smoking history, or a family history of heart disease, or if you experience exertional chest pain, a cardiologist assessment is recommended. Screening with a CT coronary angiogram including calcium score can detect coronary artery disease before symptoms develop.
How We Investigate
Dr Grewal may recommend a stress echocardiogram to see how the heart responds to exercise, or a CT coronary angiogram including calcium score to produce detailed images of the coronary arteries and detect any plaque or blockages. The calcium score quantifies calcified plaque and is a strong predictor of future heart events. Dr Grewal holds Grade A accreditation in CT coronary angiography — the highest level available.
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Your cost with Medicare
Related Diagnostic Services
Need Urgent Help?
If you are experiencing sudden or severe chest pain, difficulty breathing, or loss of consciousness, call 000 immediately.
Frequently Asked Questions
Common questions about coronary artery disease.
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All consultations and diagnostic tests are 100% bulk billed through Medicare.
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Concerned About Coronary Artery Disease?
With a Medicare card and GP referral, your specialist consultation and all diagnostic tests are fully bulk billed. Book at our Sydenham, Bundoora or Williams Landing clinic.